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spruce; thinning residues without needles /whole tree

The calorific value and the elementary analysis refers to dry biomass.

calorific value

gross: 18572 kJ/kg   statistics...
net:   17302 kJ/kg   statistics...

elementary analysis

C:  48.05 wt.%,dm   statistics...
H:   5.81 wt.%,dm   statistics...
N:   0.08 wt.%,dm   statistics...
S:   0.03 wt.%,dm
Cl:
O:  by difference

trace elements

Mg:
Ca:
Al:
Si:
P:
Fe:
As:
Cr:
Ti:
Zn:
Ba:
Ni:
Pb:
Cd:
Cu:
Hg:

ash content

a:  0.79 wt.%,dm   statistics...

ash analysis

CO2: 
SO3: 
Cl:  
P2O5:
SiO2: 
Fe2O3:
Al2O3:
CaO:  
MgO:  
Na2O: 
K2O: 
TiO2: 

ash analysis of heavy metals

Pb:
Cd:
Cu:
Hg:
Mn:
Cr:

thermal ash behaviour

for more information about SIT, SOT, HT and FT look at Characterisation of ash behaviour

SIT:
SOT:
HT:
FT:

reference: 4

UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY VIENNA
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Fuel and Environmental Technology
Getreidemarkt 9/159
A-1060 Vienna
Austria