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spruce /bark

The calorific value and the elementary analysis refers to dry biomass.

calorific value

gross: 20525 kJ/kg   statistics...
net:   18966 kJ/kg   statistics...

elementary analysis

C:  52.27 wt.%,dm   statistics...
H:   5.18 wt.%,dm   statistics...
N:   0.45 wt.%,dm   statistics...
S:   0.04 wt.%,dm   statistics...
Cl:  0.02 wt.%,dm   statistics...
O:  by difference

trace elements

Mg:
Ca:
Al:
Si:
P:
Fe:
As:
Cr:
Ti:
Zn:
Ba:
Ni:
Pb:     19.89 ppm   statistics...
Cd:      0.83 ppm   statistics...
Cu:      5.10 ppm   statistics...
Hg:      0.01 ppm   statistics...

ash content

a:  2.55 wt.%,dm   statistics...

ash analysis

CO2:   23.40 wt.%
SO3:    0.96 wt.%   statistics...
Cl:     0.03 wt.%
P2O5:   3.23 wt.%   statistics...
SiO2:   2.20 wt.%   statistics...
Fe2O3:  0.25 wt.%   statistics...
Al2O3:  0.86 wt.%   statistics...
CaO:   47.15 wt.%   statistics...
MgO:    3.99 wt.%   statistics...
Na2O:   0.25 wt.%   statistics...
K2O:    7.18 wt.%   statistics...
TiO2:   0.04 wt.%

ash analysis of heavy metals

Pb:     22.00 ppm
Cd:      1.30 ppm
Cu:     97.00 ppm
Hg:      0.15 ppm
Mn:
Cr:

thermal ash behaviour

for more information about SIT, SOT, HT and FT look at Characterisation of ash behaviour

SIT:  1398 °C   statistics...
SOT:  1615 °C   statistics...
HT:   1700 °C   statistics...
FT:   1725 °C   statistics...

reference: 1, 2, 23

UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY VIENNA
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Fuel and Environmental Technology
Getreidemarkt 9/159
A-1060 Vienna
Austria